Brine cooler



sept. 23, 1930. G. H. AWHITE 1,776,483

BRINE COOLER Filed May 14, 1929 nnrlnwiirrn "orwAsHINGro yinrsrnicu': or `COLUMBIA .Barrin COOLER' j This 'invention/is directed particularly to section and of anyappropriatedimensions.` abrine coolerfinJwhichibrine. for subsequent The casing is closed at the respective ends by l 'i useas avrefrigerant is automatically cooled plates 2 and -is interiorly provided inspaced i n Y .or brought ltoa:desiredlow,teniperaturepl relation ,to.theupperplate 2 with a header 11 115pkThe#primary*objectI ofthe present in'ven-y ,3 defining `between said header and upper 55 n ltionis the provision ofga brine cooler in which p'late,` an upper ammonia chamber 4f. ,A t ,the `brine isfforced 4to'circulate,around "and in 'header 5 is securedin the lower portion of the intimate Contact with. the exterior ofj a series casing in spaced relation to thelower plate f off-pipes through which, anhydrousarnnionia Zydefining aljower ammonia chamber 6. a l, logiszdirected-in a Inann'ertofinsure the maxi; Extending vertically oiv the casingl and 60 muni,` cooling` effect)withthe'v use of `a minisecured at their respective endsin theheaders '-mum quantityfofithefcoolingl agent, the coolv, 3 and 25,: are a seriesfofammonia tubes f7. l yingfeect being malteri-allylenhancedbythe These ,tubes openat their lower ends through 'nimnerofrcirculating` 'thejbrinein contact :the `header 5, thus communicating with `the v i f q @.1y lowerainmoniachamber (iy and at their; upper 65 l .Alfurthersobjectof the presentA invention ends the tubesextend an appreciable distance f is-fthe'iprovision:ofy a brinevrcooler including above `thexupperheader 3as indicated at 8' i f, .upperl'and lower'liquid ammoniachainbers yin Figure ,2,.t-he tubes, attheir `upperends in'v circ'ulatory'` communicationpwith -means -beingg'of course,jin,opencomniunication.with

20' forperrnitting the rgas producedinthe con- `the `upper ammonia chamberl.` i n70 :version ofthe ammonia/by. the absorption of Secured in the upper open end of each tube i Aheati'ror'n the brine toffreely pass to the com- 7 is a tubular delector 9. This tubular dei i fpresser,andffwith?.further;means for main` Viectorhasits open upper end arrangedabove e .ltainingfa'predeterniined'level of liquid-amthe normal level oammoniawithin the upper ,25 anemia-inthe receivingchainber of the cooler ammonia chamber and its flower open end, 75 ,f 'at-'allgtimes to 'insure kan adequate Athough ?,whichte'rminates Within the tube cbelo'wgthe (minimum,supplyyof-liquidammonianecessary upper header 3, outwardly flared at l0. and

to maintain ajconstant-` flow of jsuch lcooling secured tothe tube 7 at 1L n The lateral ilar- 4 .fa'gent lengthwisethegpipes during'the oper-",ingaterniinal of theftubular, deieeter 91 is If r :301. ationlof'the cooler-. kl l formed Withafseries of periorations or open-` 80 i ThewinYention-'is illustrated inthe faccom'-V (ings ,12, and ianges 13 of narrow Width fmay A -;p anyingl drawings; iiigvhicll-:'v .mi Y. be arranged to supportvthe tubular defleojtor 1 i Figure(Lisaviewfiirelevation,{partlyinonfthe Vupper open end `of the tube 7, the i sec-tion, -fofthe improvedabrine cooler., f f flanges being of narrow lwidth to avoid interg'sFigure. Q is an :'enlargedfseetional viewvof :tering with the free passage of the ammonia 85 the uppere portion of oneof the ammOniarey into the Vupper open end of'thetube 7*. l As f ceivingpipes.zrV i 1` :i n. 1 ythusarranged, the tubular deflector) defines ',if-f-Figurefl isa seetionfon; linef3-3 of F iga narrow verticalfchannel le concentric with Y gure'2. f1 i the tubular deflector and between it and the @T310 1 12F igfure is an enlarged section ofl the cas` inner surface of the tube 7, for al purpose fingi'o thecooler through ywhich the brine is .which will ylater appear. Q n Y eirculatech showing moreparticularly the de- Theyliquid ammonia .is circulated from the f f `le'ctor yfor,'inducingaxdesiredv circularpath lower ammonia Chamber 6to the upper am* v :of thefbrinewithvinfthecasing; nioniagehamber 4 through the medium of a 'f' ziVv Figure 5isabrokenplanviewshowingthe pump l5 and appropriate pipe connections 'A n '-"Jupperrfheaderand illustrating particularly 16 leadingto and from the pump. YThespace 1 j'lthejlmountin'gfoff'the; tubulardeflector 'with inthe upper ammonia chamber 4 above the respecttolthelammoniatube. 1 l normal level of the ammonia therein has an i "The' improved brine; coolerincludes a cas j alninonia ygas outlet'gl? which, leads `to a comc f1501ingl VWhichmaybe-lofany d esiredziforminy Apresser (notshowii` `The liquid ammonia n vfromt'he compressor may be delivered tov a s, storage' vj'cliamber andfroinsaid chamberl througha pipe 18 controlled'by a hand' valve 19' tol tljielower amino-nia chamber 6. 1;)

. .It -is rimportant that the level `of Vliquidanil monia maintained' constant in the lower y chamber and to insure this yresult,l a iioat trol mechanism to the space above'tlieaiiimonia. .supply :in theyupper ammonia chamber Y4; V1While preferring that the iioat controlledvalve mechanism, indicatedat 20, be constructed in accordance with the details 4de-v fscribedgi-n' the patent above mentioned, it is Y `tojbieunderstood that any conventional or vde- "sired' form of mechanism for this purpose may be provided. `The function of this'ffle- 'tail' is to maintain va substantially -constant level of 'liquidamomnia' in the lower 4ammoniaV chamber Gland any construction Whichfvvill accomplish "this result automatically lisicon'- "templatefd for use.-- 1 y lt isjof courseto be understood the Sppacefwitliin the caSingll-between thehead- -ers 3 and 5 and surrounding the pipes '7 `is" open tothe passage ofthe,brine,s'and"ia brine Virilet V22 4is provided v,at the lotverend ofrsucli casing', abrine outlet `23'being provided atv the I diametrically ,opposite y upper portiono the caSi'n'g. The brine-'is Vforced throughv the cas-4 or cooler and invorde'rto` insure a Vproper circulatory contact of thef-brinewith' the eX- f l'terior surfaces of theV tubes 7:,1a'fd'ef1`iector is secured'within the casing,`overly1n`g the lnlet vrandVso directedvthat the incoming/brindis caused to. follow-ia clrculatory'path throughV through'the inlet 22 under pressure is; de#` flected'later'ally bythe defiector 24 and'thus K caused to receiveQa' Vswirling or circulatory g action, so that thek brine folloxvs-fV ai tortuous and l graduallyascending path to re achgthe 'B thus cansino' D outlet 28.

- course-be apparent that the-brine isf maintubes 7 'for a greater length of time f and is L' caused to come in contact vvi'th'a greater'num- .Y ber off-tubes than rfhe'ref the brinerises direct-l ly to the casingirom theinlet to the outlet;`

Therefore,tlie brine in its passagefthrough the cooler is ofnece'ssity brought to a. mini- Hmum tempera-ture in a short period. vThis ivillbe apparent from an understanclingVof the factk thatin order forthe Yanhydrous ammonia to labsorb, the heatfrointhe brine,fan

appreciable time of Contact betvveentlie brine 'and ammonia tubesisofcourse necessary and itthelbrine Werecaused to merely yrise in the y y y u1@ ibi-ine' toVv 'feiiwilwiiatfmight be said to be a"somewliatispiral,path' in its passage through the cooler, it Will yojl,

'easing from the inlet to the outlet, the move Y ,Y mentofthe brinevWOuldvbenecessarily sloWfY in order to yprovide thev necessarytime orf1v thecooling action ofthe ammonia".v By de` flecting'thebrine on itsL entrancepto thecasing and maintaininga constant (':irculatory path in l substantially. the nature Y of,y a-f spiral rising .i'rom'fthe inlet to-tlieoutlet, the briney travelsa very much longer'path in the casthereforethe Contact or c ration of Contact .p-jlithe brin'evvith the ammonia tubes is maine j, j tained for a greater length-ottime Without reducing,thefrate offgcirculation. V"'lherefo-re,

the brine may beforcedthrough the cooler at a comparatively rapid. rategvvithout in any i Way linterfering With ithepropen cooling 'efparatively .thin 'filmr longitudinally olif.' the l tubes in contact'wylith theginnersurfaceof thev Wallithereof.` The central'orinnerliportion-of each tube is lthus comparativelyfree ofl liquid ammonia, and "as Athe latter i sconvferte'idl into j gas by the absorptoinof heat from-the. brine, Y this gas has affreelpassage verticallyof;the.;` tubes 7; -andatubjular deiiectors Qiand` is .de-j

'livered y.from fthe".'upper-V end off the' deflectors l yabove the level: ofthe i-liq'uidV ammonia lthe upper ammonia .chamber @for freepassage `through thev gas-outlet'l'? to the compressor.:vv By' this` arrangenient,-I comparatively Y small amountoffaminoniai-is requiredfor an effective cooling ofl 4the brin'e,an`d.there is 'on valves-are not'required. .1 c i,

Vhat is'claimed vto be'neW is f:

necessitytor 'the developed vgas, forcing its i' :Wayfthrough the'bodyr of ktheammonia to les l= reach the compressor andhence the .expansion l i 'zing casinghaving a lovver'iinletlandfan upper'. outlet, `upper. and lower*V headers arranged in; Y y the casingv andi deiin-ing upper 'and' lower' ammoniachambers, ammonia tubes Within` the v casngropening through the headers, theami momavr tubes fopening i through' the y: lupper y y header -extending appreciablyy above i lsaid 'tained in contactrrwith the exterior o1" Vthe header, deflecting tubes in the'fupper'endsrof upper ammonia chamber, said deflectingtubes -theA ammonia from the upper ammonia chamber into' the ammoniatube's andin a thin ilmy l lei-igthwise said ammonia'rvtubes,1 meansfor .l

maintaining a i constant ammoniallevel in the VIfo'lvver ammonia cham-bei', Y means for. ,trans- 'f 1-f ferring--rammonia from the`r lovver'ammonia y chamber to the upper ammonia chamber, and means for,directing the gaseslfroin the upper a imonia chamber in condensed liquidfform to the `lower ammonia -chanibeng ,j

v7ol

coopemurigwah the ammonia-tubes to dimes-12d z2, vkA brineeooler including a brine 'receiv-y ing casing having .aI lower inlet and an upper outlet, upper and lower headers arranged in l l ;theeasingy and definingyupper and lower am- *Y monia chambers', AVammonia tubes within the casingv opening'throughthe headers,` the arn- -jlower'fammonia ohalnber, means for'transferring ammonia'from the-lower ammonia charnber to `thejupper ammonia chamber,

' means for directing the gases Jfrom. theupfp er ammonia Chamber in condensedliquid u orm .tothelower ammonia chamber, and u v meanswhereby theincomingbrine is caused l 'j to travel in a tortuous passage lengthwisethe j casing betweenthe inlet and outlet.

' In testilnonyfwhereofll aflix mysignature. y Y

GEORGE HALL WHITE. 

